Native American stories of early American settlers

Introduction Early American settlers were confronted with a huge challenge; dealing with intercultural contact. Although many scholars have focused on the European perspective of this exchange, few of them have looked at the other side; that is, the American Indian perception of European settlers.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Native American stories of early American settlers specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Analysis Some Native Americans firmly opposed the idea of American settlers residing in their land. One such person was Tecumseh; having experienced personal losses at the hands of the colonists, this tribal warrior wanted American settlers out of Native American land. To him, Colonists threatened American Indian’s ancestral way of life, so they had to be resisted (Drake 33). Tecumseh, alongside other Native American supporters, felt that American settlers were acting unjustly against them. The colo nists had taken land that rightfully belonged to American Indians through forceful means. Although, early settlers tried to cover this up with treaties, it was no secret that the documents had been forced upon them. Consequently, Tecumseh sought to have the treaties revoked in order to restore Native American land. Many tribal members regarded white settlers as a threat to their own survival became most of them wanted to take over their territory. In fact, their perception of land was vastly different from the European perspective. Members of these tribes believed that land was communally owned, and no one had the right to sell it. Tecumseh argued that if one could sell land, then one might as well sell the air, the sea and many other natural resources. He believed that the loss of land was a great evil to the Native Americans. A lot of his followers held the same views that he did concerning the European Americans. The same sentiments were echoed by Red Jacket when he talked about the entrance of the white settlers in their land. At first, it seemed like the Europeans had come as guests and were received hospitably by the natives. Their numbers began increasing and they turned against their hosts. Eventually, Indians turned against one another, and they lost a whole lot. Native Americans also blamed European Americans for the loss of their customs. In a speech to his tribesmen, Tecumseh declares:Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More â€Å"Where today are the Pequot? Where are the Narragansett, the Mochican, the Pocanet, and other powerful tribes of our people? They have vanished before the avarice and oppression of the white man, as snow before the summer†¦.Will not the bones of our dead be plowed up, and their graves turned into plowed fields?† (Turner 246) Other American Indians also believed that white settlers threatened the practice of their religion. One such person was Chief Red Jacket. When a white person tried to convert his tribesmen to Christianity, the Chief responded in a very wise way. One can deduce Native American views and accounts of American settlers from the response that he gave. In the speech, Red Jacket criticized the Christians’ one-sided view, by contrasting it to his religion (Drake 101). He, like other tribesmen, thought that the white man’s religion was primitive because it claimed to have a patent on truth while their native religion was characterized by tolerance and respect for cultural diversity. American Indians also thought that the white man’s religion was hypocritical in nature. They could not understand why white preachers asserted that Christianity was the one true religion, yet so many Europeans deferred on its interpretations. American Indians found certain claims by Christians to be contradictory. For instance, the latter group tried to convince them that their Great Spiri t was the one who should be worshipped and those who rejected this way of life would pay for it dearly in their subsequent life. Native Americans could not relate to these premises because there was no proof to illustrate that the god of the Christians was the one true God. They affirmed that all they had to depend on were the words said by the Europeans, who could not be trusted in the first place. They had already lied to the Native Americans several times so it was difficult to determine whether they were telling the truth or not. They also drew parallels between their own religion and that of the European settlers. White men justified the superiority of their values and religions on the basis of its longevity and the fact that it was handed down to them from their forefathers. American Indians also argued that their religion was also handed down to them from their forefathers, and was not inferior in any way. Indian Americans were highly critical of the Europeans; this was becau se white men often disguised their misdeeds using noble assertions. Some of them claimed that they had come to seek temporary refuge from oppression in their native land. However, they eventually turned against their hosts and deprived them off their properties or belongings. This level of pretentiousness is what caused many American Indians to resent the European settlers.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Native American stories of early American settlers specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Although several explorers often regarded American Indians as savages, a number of them took the time to study their ways of life. They found that locals held strong opinions about them as well. For instance, Mary Rowland claimed that the natives treated her like a slave, but they needed her for her skills. She knitted clothes for the locals and proved to be quite useful to them. These locals saw Europeans as intruders, but woul d maintain them if they appeared to be valuable. Other explorers such as John Smith claimed that Indians often safeguarded their own interests. The European settlers were regarded positively, if their motives were found to be acceptable. However, if this was not the case, then the natives would be hostile towards them (Smith 65). Conclusion Native Americans opposed European settlers for a number of reasons. First, white men took their land forcefully. They disguised their evil motives and lied to the locals about their intentions. Furthermore, they undermined the customs, values and lifestyles of the natives. Lastly, they were hypocritical for trying to force their religion upon the Indians. Works Cited Drake, Daniel. Lives of celebrated American Indians. Boston: Soden and Co., 1843. Print Smith, John. Works 1608-1631 ED. Arber, Edward. Birmingham: The English scholar’s library, 1884. Print Turner III, Frederick. Poetry and oratory: A portable North American Indian Reader. NY : Pengon, 1978. Print This essay on Native American stories of early American settlers was written and submitted by user Aliza C. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Hi My Name Is Rachel Essays

Hi My Name Is Rachel Essays Hi My Name Is Rachel Essay Hi My Name Is Rachel Essay Evenly proportioned societies Within the melting pot of America, we have a divergent population represented by many cultures and heritages of its citizens. It is the goal of the government to treat all the citizens equally. As stated in the constitution, all men are created equal. However, is it realistic for a government to treat all of its citizens equally? In the novel, Animal Farm, written by George Orwell, it is made clear that in a society people will not be treated equally. Although people may strive for a perfect society where veryone is treated equally, it is clear to any observer that within any society the leaders, the majority, and the educated, usually treat themselves better than those beneath them. Animal Farms goal was to have a society in which every animal is treated equally. They shortly failed at their attempt to make a perfect society. The pigs on the farm started to take charge and think highly of themselves. As this began, the farm became a democracy with the pigs in charge. Whenever the animals were at war they had a military formation. Their military formation is an important aspect of attle on animal farm. The animals are ordered to March round the precincts of the farm in military formation, with pigs leading, then horses, cows, sheep, poultry (Orwell, 115) With the pigs leading the military formation it shows that they are the best out of all the animals. Next in line come the horses, representing that they are second best next to the pigs. Down at the bottom are the poultry, coming in last, because they are the least significant. Pigs are greater and it is a known fact, the animals know they are not treated equally but there is nothing they can do about it. Finkel 2 Martin Luther King Jr. s speech illustrates that blacks and whites are not treated the same way. Whites are treated exceptionally better than the blacks. The whites had more opportunities and freedom. There was no specific reason for this, Just because of the color of their skin they were automatically kicked around like dirt on the sidewalk. Astonished by the way humans were acting Martin Luther King Jr. decided it was time for someone to speak up. One day little black boys and black girls will be able to Join hands with litte white boys and white girls as sister and brothers. A dream like this was almost impossible to make a reality at that time. As time progressed In spite of all the hatred at the time, his dream came true and now the United States of America is free of segregation. Even though people are no longer judged by the color of their skin, blacks and whites are not treated equally. In the story, Harison Bergeron, future America is shown. It is said that everyone was equal and the truth is that no one was truly equal, everyone had the same place in society, everyone except tne government. I nls Is no longer called equality, tnls Is called ommunism. No one had rights anymore, no one had laws. They were also not treated equally because if you think about the only ones suffering are the handicapped ones. The so called normal ones dont have to go through the pain of having to hear loud noises or to wear a mask. Two, all the advanced and talented people had to be handicapped. This mearns that they had no freedom, rights and liberty. Trying to make everyone equal resulted in a miserable life for those who were handicapped and everyone not being equal due to the government. Finkel 3 Finkel 3 No matter how perfect a society may be it is shown that the leaders, the majority, and the educated, are more likely to succeed in their society than those who appear lower than them. In a society citizens are not treated equally. In animal farm the pigs are leading, whites are the majority according to Martin Luther King Jr. , and the government in Harrison Bergeron are the wise ones. In the world we live in today, there is no such thing as an equal society, though people want to think that there is there is not. Orwell, George. Animal farm;. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1954. Print.

Believe (acoustic) by Justin Bieber

Justin Bieber’s Believe (acoustic) Album Justin Bieber’s album, Believe (acoustic) is a unique and catchy pop album that anyone will enjoy. This album is amazing because all the songs that are played acoustically sound better acoustically than they do regularly. It offers a mix of inspirational and upbeat music that all tie back into the theme of the album: believing. Bieber has been in the music business for a fairly long time. He was founded on YouTube by a man named Scooter. Scooter found Justin and made him famous. With the help of his family, Scooter, and famous singer, Usher, Justin Bieber became a huge star. Bieber has come out with many albums. Such as My World and Believe. Justin Bieber’s first really big hit was his song â€Å"Baby† from the My World album. One of his more recent hits was the song â€Å"Beauty and a Beat.† This album is different from others because almost all the songs on the album are played acoustically and without any tuning or adjustment to his voice. This album has all different kinds of music on it, but all of the songs tie back into the main theme of Believing. Bieber did a great job of making the album catchy, fun and inspirational to his listeners. A big factor in making this album a hit was Bieber’s lyrics. They flow nicely with the song and really make the listener believe. Although all the songs on the album are great, the songs â€Å"Beauty and a Beat† and â€Å"Fall† really stands out. These three songs are wonderful because the guitar in the songs really stands out and sounds cool. Every album has that one song that just isn’t very good. For Bieber’s Believe (acoustic) album it is a song called â€Å"Yellow Raincoat.† Yellow Raincoat doesn’t have a good beat and doesn’t fit in with the other songs. This album is much better than others in it pop genre because of the uniqueness of most of the songs being played acoustically. The Believe (acoustic) album is an amazing album that has a great theme and inspiring songs. It uniqueness really brings the album to another level. Justin Bieber’s Believe (acoustic) album is not one to miss.

Programming languages Comparison and History Research Paper

Programming languages Comparison and History - Research Paper Example A software program either working on high dimensional vector spaces (finding Eigen vectors) or any kind of information system like airline reservation system, parcel tracking system, bar code reader, point of sale system etc. , the objective is simple â€Å"hiding the complexity†. Different approaches have been taken into account for â€Å"hiding the complexity†, i.e. abstraction on theoretical bases. These different approaches are based upon the need and view point of the analyst i.e. how he looks upon the system. Programming languages basically belong to these approaches or view points to solve the hidden problem or effectively hiding the complexity. In contrast to comparison of programming languages it is more appropriate to compare the programming paradigm. Programming paradigms include procedural languages includes c, pascal etc, object oriented programming languages C++, Java etc and scripting languages includes Python, Perl, Tcl, etc. ... ely with the hardware; however the high level programming languages are more towards application oriented and more focused to build high level application without going into details of Hardware issues. Low level languages plays significant role while developing applications running in a closer contact with the machine and need more freedom, more power, more efficiency, and absolutely direct contact with Hardware, which of course contributed into performance betterment. Indeed, working over low level languages like machine language or assemble demands a higher level of expertise and not every programmer (of high level language) guarantee to write good code on such languages. In contrast to low level languages, high level languages are friendlier to use, they provide several machine security measures, frameworks, GUI builders etc to facilitate a programmer to only concentrate over application development issues rather than got stuck into Hardware management issues. High level languages are easy to use and almost the first choice for the scientific development since the last two decades (Bebo, 1989). In the rest of the paper, only high level languages will be discussed in details and there will be no discussion over Low and High level languages. In the following section, a summary of some major paradigms (within high level languages) is presented with some of their specific features: 1. Procedural Languages 2. Object Oriented Languages 3. Scripting Languages 4. Parallel Languages 1.2 PROCEDURAL LANGUAGES Procedural languages are commonly speaking those languages which only work upon procedural approach. This is basically the way of thinking that makes any program a procedural code. No matter which powerful platform is being used, and whatever strong object oriented

Core Reflection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Core Reflection - Essay Example For some, a passing grade is suffice while others must maintain a certain grade point average. Champlain College integrates two distinct approaches to traditional academics and these two approaches are with a liberal studies program and interdisciplinary teaching and learning. In addition, the purpose of liberal study and general education is a rich experience that combines academic strictness, self-exploration, and global and local awareness. It is important to be in Core class because we are able to take what we learn in class and are able to apply it to what we want for our future. Every student will gain something different from each class and that is true of Core class. Each of us are able to look at our own interests and view things in ways that perhaps were instilled in us in our environment before becoming a student at Champlain. Through student and faculty discussions, we are able to see things in a whole new way and look at the world with different perspectives. We might think that we have a certain job that we are focused on doing and through the self-exploration, we find ourselves soul-searching to see if we can really identify with the objectives of a particular career. Without a Core class, we are able to pinpoint more closely what our objectives are at Champlain so we can meet the goals we have set for ourselves as students. I have been studying Core classes since last summer and some of them are enjoyable but a few of them are not. Because I am transfer student, I had to take Summer Bridge which is COR-130 and it was over a period of six weeks. This really was not too bad, however, I had to learn a lot of information and material in a short period of time compared to a regular semester course. In Core 200 level courses, there are several available options of courses. Unfortunately, there were not many that satisfied my interests so I felt like I was taking random classes and courses and

HPV & Cervical Cancer Essay -- HPV Cancer, Cervical Cancer

HPV & Cervical Cancer - What Every Woman Should Know   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I was eighteen years old when I had my first abnormal pap smear. I received a call from my OB/GYN's office and was informed that I had the Human Papilloma Virus show up on my pap smear. This was the first pap smear I had ever had, and I was terrified. The news got worse. I researched this virus and learned that it was actually a sexually transmitted disease that could either cause cervical cancer, or genital warts! I didn’t understand, I had been with my boyfriend for five years and he was my first partner. How could I have contracted a sexually transmitted disease?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I had a biopsy done to test my cervix for cancer. The results were normal, and I was told I would need to have a pap smear done every three months. I followed the doctor’s orders, and within six months had a normal pap smear. At that point, I was nineteen years old. Things resolved and my annual pap smears were normal. That was up until a year ago.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Once again, I had an abnormal pap smear. This time however, I was 30. The same procedure was followed, another biopsy of the cervix. This showed no invasive cancer. Three months later I had yet another abnormal reading. This time the results were worse. I was puzzled, and I didn’t understand why after eleven years my problem came back. After researching the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) and cervical cancer, I finally found the answers to my questions.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Boston Women’s Health Book Collective, authors of Our Bodies, Ourselves indicates that cervical cancer is the second most common cancer of all women, and the most common cancer in younger women. Women between the ages of 35-55 are the highest group diagnosed. This type of cancer has been linked to the HPV virus. Other risk factors of cervical cancer include the younger your age of your first sexual experience, and the number of sexual partners one has. (634).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cervical cancer can be prevented and treated early by finding pre-cancerous cell changes within the cervix. These cell changes can be found during routine pap smear exams. A pap smear is an exam where a medical instrument called a speculum is inserted into the vagina. The provider then collects cells from the cervix by gently swabbing i... ...;  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I am angry at myself for not being more careful when I was younger. Although I was not promiscuous, and I did participate in safe sex with my first boyfriend - I learned the hard way that it only takes one time of unprotected sex to contract HPV. Now, eleven years later I am paying the price for my carelessness. It is my hope that women will learn the seriousness of HPV before they become infected and suffer the consequences for a lifetime.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Bibliography American Cancer Society. â€Å"What Causes Cancer of the Cervix?† 22 Aug 05.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  http://www.cancer.org Beers, Mark H. MD., Berkow, Robert MD., and Bogin, Robert M. MD. eds. The   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Merck Manual of Medical Information. New York: Pocket Books, 1997. Boston Women’s Health Book Collective, The. Our Bodies, Ourselves - A New   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Edition for a New Era. New York: Touchstone, 2005. United States. Center for Disease Control. STD Facts - Human Papilloma Virus   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  HPV). Washington: 2005. 22 Aug 05.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  http://www.cdc.gov/std/HPV/STDFact-HPV.htm

Coconut- Tree of Life Essay

The Coconut Tree (Cocos Nucifera L.) is called â€Å"The Tree of Life† because of the endless list of products and by-products derived from its various parts. Food, shelter, fuel – name it, the coconut has it. The coconut industry is considered a major dollar earner that provides livelihood to one-third of the country’s population. Coconut Meat From coco meat can be obtained coco flour, desiccated coconut, coconut milk, coconut chips, candies, bukayo or local sweetened shredded coconut meat, latik copra and animal feeds. Coco chips, which are curved and wrinkled coconut meat, is crisply toasted and salted. It is very popular in Hawaii. Coconut flour can be used as a wheat extender in baking certain products without affecting their appearance or acceptability. The coconut milk is a good protein source. Whole coco milk contains about 22% oil, which accounts for its laxative property. Coconut Oil Copra is dried coconut meat that has a high oil content, as much as 64%. Coconut oil is the most readily digested of all the fats of general use in the world. The oil furnishes about 9,500 calories of energy per kilogram. Its chief competitors are soya bean oil, palm oil and palm kernel oil. Coconut oil retards aging. It counteracts heart, colon, pancreatic and liver tumor inducers. And it is easy to digest. In the detergent industry, coconut oil is very important. Its most outstanding characteristic is its high saponification value in view of the molecular weight of most of the fatty acid glycerides it contains. An advantageous utilization of the coconut oil as a detergent was discovered in a May 1951 study wherein a formulation using coconut oil was found to be an effective sanitizer. Other products from coco oil are soap, lard, coco chemicals, crude oil, pomade, shampoo, margarine, butter and cooking oil. Coconut Leaves Cocnut leaves produce good quality paper pulp, midrib brooms, hats and mats, fruit trays, waste baskets, fans, beautiful midrib decors, lamp shades, placemats, bags and utility roof materials. Coconut Fruit The coconut fruit produces buko, often used for salads, halo-halo( crushed ice with sweetened fruit), sweets and pastries. Buko is of three kinds: mala-kanin, or having the consistency of boiled rice; mala-uhog, mucus-like consistency and ready for eating; and mala-katad, or like leather. The last kind is the one used for making sweets. A mature coconut, or niyog is used in making sweets and special Filipino dishes. The â€Å"sport fruit† of the coconut is the makapuno. Considered a delightful delicacy and largely used for making preserves and ice-cream, it cannot be kept in storage and will not germinate. It has three layers: semi-acid, soft and hard meat. Coconut Water Coconut water is also called liquid endosperm. It is thrown away during copra making and becomes a great waste. Uses of coconut water include: coconut water vinegar; coconut wine; production of the chewy, fiber-rich nata good as a dessert and as alaxative; as a growth factor; and as a substitute for dextrose. Another breakthrough use is in coconut water theraphy to cure renal disorders. â€Å"Bukolysis†, as it is also called, is the medical process of reducing or dissolving urinary stones of the urinary tract systems using buko water from 7 to 9 months old coconuts. Bukolysis is the brainchild of Dr. Eufemio Macalalag Jr., a urologist. For preventive medication, water from one mature coconut consumed daily, could almost guarantee that the formation of stones in the urinary tract will be avoided. To those already afflicted, the coconut water theraphy has been proven to be an inexpensive and effective cure. Coconut water is commonly promoted as an economical thirst quencher, hunger satisfier and medical cure for renal disorders all in one. Using coconut water, a nata de coco-like growth produced after 14 days which, when cooked in syrup, is apopular dessert. When mixed with other ingredients, like the making of fruit salad, it will enhance the flavor of the dish. And whoever said that nata de coco is just for food was wrong. This nata-like growth is dextran and can be made to comply with the specifications for clinical dextran, then we have in the coconut water an important contribution in the atomic defense against radiation sickness. Coconut Husk Coconut husks are made of bristle fiber (10%), mattress fiber (20%) and coir dust and shorts or wastes (70%). The abundance of fiber nakes it good, stable supply for cottage industries that make brushes, doormats, carpets, bags, ropes, yarn fishing nets, and mattresses, etc. Coir fiber can also be used as substitute for jute in making rice, copra, sugar, coffee, bags and sandbags. It is also suitable for making pulp and paper, etc. For the first time, the Philippines can export coir fiber to Japan, Germany and the United States with the proper assistance extended by the government, the industry being new. The well board is manufactured from coir dust and short fibers. No binding materials are needed as lignin is inherent in the coconut husk. Also it is termite-proof because creosote is present in the new material. The board produced is as good as narra, plywood or masonite. Coir yarn, coir rope, bags, rugs, husk decor, husk polishes, mannequin wig, brush, coirflex, and fishnets are other products that can be obtained from coco husk. Out of coir dust can be obtined coco gas, lye insulator, insoflex and plastic materials. Coconut Pith Out of its pith can be produced coco pickles, guinatan and lumpia. Its guinit can produce helmets, caps, wooden shoe straps, handbags, fans, picture and house decor like lamp shades and guinit flowers for the table. Ever heard of the â€Å"Millionaire’s Salad†? It’s fit for any ordinary man though, it is made up of â€Å"palmetto cabbage† which, when translated properly, is simply the local ubod or the â€Å"heart† of the coconut. Actually, ubod is considered one of the finest vegetables in the Philippines. It can be served in many appetizing ways. Cubed in fairly large bits, it makes wonderful addition to Spanish rice, or in their long strips, to Arroz a la Cubana. As a salad, it is mixed with mayonnaise or thousand island dressing and heaped onto lettuce leaves, red pepper, chopped spring onions, paprika, or a combination of some of those may be used to garnish this all-white salad. Crab meat with ubod in lumpia can prove to be very delicious. Infloresence Out of the bud of the coconut tree’s infloresence is a juice called coconut toddy or tuba. The fermented juice is the common alcoholic drink in the coconut region. The fermented tuba would be a good drink even to those who enjoy the finer things. The principal uses of the toddy are: as fresh beverage; for producing alcoholic beverages; for producing vinegar; for making sugar; and as a source of yeast for making bread. Coconut toddy, after being left for five days then distilled, produces an alcoholic spirit known locally as lambanog which is more or less 98% proof. In its taste, sweet toddy is a liquid containing essentially 12 to 18% sugar (sucrose). Other products from the coconut tree’s infloresence are gin, vinegar, candy trays, Christmas and wall decor. Coconut Shell Coconut shell produces the core of the most saleable household products and fashion accessories that can be turned into lucrative, wide-selling cottage industries. Among them are shell necklaces, shell bags, cigarette boxes, shell ladles, buttons, lamp shades, fruit and ash trays, guitars, placemats, coffee pots, cups, wind chimes, â€Å"coco banks†, briquetted charcoal and activated carbon. The most important use of coconut shell is activated carbon produced from its charcoal. It is utilized in air purification systems such as cooker hoods, air conditioning, industrial gas purification systems, and industrial and gas masks. Coconut Trunk & Roots Out of the coconut trunk, hardy and durable wood is obtained to make benches, tables, carvings, picture frames, tables, tool boxes, and construction materials, among many others. Paper pulp can also be extracted from the coconut trunk and other woody parts of the tree. Among the woody parts of the tree, the trunk gives the highest pulp yield of 43%; the midribs, 41%, and the petiole or the slender stop that support the leaf, 32%. Tests also show that coconut coir (80%) and abaca bleached sulfate pulp (40%) are a good combination in the production of offset bookpaper. Medicine, beverages and dyestuff are obtained from the coconut roots.